Keeb kwm ntawm cov khoom siv yas sib xyaw
Thaum ob lossis ntau qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke, qhov tshwm sim yog cov khoom sib xyaw.Thawj qhov kev siv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw hnub rov qab mus rau 1500 BC, thaum cov neeg Iyiv thaum ntxov thiab Mesopotamian cov neeg nyob hauv cov av nkos thiab cov quav cab los tsim cov vaj tsev muaj zog thiab ruaj khov.Straw tseem muab kev txhawb nqa rau cov khoom qub qub nrog rau cov tais diav thiab cov nkoj.
Tom qab ntawd, hauv 1200 AD, cov Mongols tau tsim thawj lub hneev nti.
Siv kev sib xyaw ntawm ntoo, pob txha thiab "tsiaj nplaum", hneev yog qhwv hauv birch bark.Cov hneev no muaj zog thiab muaj tseeb.Lub koom haum Mongolian hneev taw tau pab ua kom Genghis Khan cov tub rog tswj hwm.
Yug ntawm "Plastic Era"
Thaum cov kws tshawb fawb tsim cov yas, lub sijhawm niaj hnub ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw pib.Ua ntej no, cov khoom siv ntuj tsim tau los ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu tsuas yog qhov chaw ntawm cov nplaum thiab cov nplaum.Thaum pib ntawm lub xyoo pua 20th, cov yas xws li yas, polystyrene, phenolic thiab polyester tau tsim.Cov khoom siv hluavtaws tshiab no zoo tshaj rau ib qho resins muab los ntawm xwm.
Txawm li cas los xij, yas ib leeg tsis tuaj yeem muab lub zog txaus rau qee qhov kev siv cov qauv.Kev txhawb zog yuav tsum tau muab ntxiv zog thiab rigidity.
Xyoo 1935, Owens Corning (Owens Corning) tau qhia thawj cov iav fiber ntau, iav fiber ntau.Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov iav fiber ntau thiab yas polymer ua rau cov qauv muaj zog heev uas kuj yog lub teeb yuag.
Qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) kev lag luam.
Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II-Kev txhawb nqa kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw
Ntau qhov kev nce qib loj tshaj plaws hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xav tau ntawm kev ua tsov rog.Ib yam li cov Mongolians tsim cov hneev nti, Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog II tau coj FRP kev lag luam los ntawm chav kuaj mus rau qhov tseeb.
Kev siv lub teeb yuag ntawm cov tub rog dav hlau xav tau lwm cov ntaub ntawv.Cov engineers sai sai paub txog lwm yam zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, ntxiv rau lub teeb yuag thiab muaj zog.Piv txwv li, nws tau pom tias cov khoom siv iav fiber ntau yog pob tshab rau cov xov tooj cua zaus, thiab cov khoom siv sai sai rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob radar (Radomes).
Hloov mus rau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw: "qhov chaw hnub nyoog" rau "txhua hnub"
Thaum kawg ntawm Kev Tsov Rog Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib Ob, kev lag luam me me niche composites nyob rau hauv tag nrho viav vias.Nrog kev poob qis hauv kev thov rau cov khoom siv tub rog, cov khoom siv sib xyaw me me tam sim no ua haujlwm los qhia cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw rau hauv lwm lub khw.Lub nkoj yog ib qho khoom pom tseeb uas tau txais txiaj ntsig.Thawj cov khoom sib xyaw ua lag luam tau tsim tawm hauv xyoo 1946.
Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, Brandt Goldsworthy feem ntau hu ua "txiv yawg ntawm kev sib xyaw" thiab tsim ntau yam tshiab tsim thiab cov khoom lag luam, suav nrog thawj fiberglass surfboard, uas tau hloov pauv kev ua si.
Goldsworthy kuj tau tsim cov txheej txheem tsim khoom hu ua pultrusion, uas tso cai rau cov khoom siv iav fiber ntau txhim khu kev qha thiab muaj zog.Niaj hnub no, cov khoom tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem no suav nrog cov ntaiv, cov cuab yeej tuav, cov kav dej, cov xub shafts, armor, tsheb ciav hlau hauv pem teb, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob.
Kev nce qib tsis tu ncua hauv cov khoom sib xyaw
Kev lag luam khoom siv sib xyaw tau pib loj hlob hauv xyoo 1970s.Txhim kho cov yas zoo dua qub thiab txhim kho cov fibers ntxiv.Tsim ib hom aramid fiber ntau hu ua Kevlar, uas tau dhau los ua thawj qhov kev xaiv rau lub cev armor vim nws lub zog tensile siab, siab ceev thiab lub teeb yuag.Carbon fiber kuj tau tsim nyob rau lub sijhawm no;nws yog nce hloov cov khoom yav dhau los ua los ntawm steel.
Kev lag luam composites tseem tab tom hloov zuj zus, thiab feem ntau ntawm kev loj hlob feem ntau yog nyob ntawm lub zog tauj dua tshiab.Cua turbine hniav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog, txuas ntxiv thawb qhov txwv loj thiab xav tau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke.
Lub sij hawm xa tuaj: Plaub Hlis-21-2021